Winter lecture - The life and career of Captain William Dawson RN

Published on March 4, 2021
Duration: 82:56

This video details the naval career of Captain William Dawson RN during the Napoleonic Wars, drawing from his personal papers. It covers his early life, entry into the Royal Navy, progression through the ranks from volunteer to post-captain, and significant naval actions. The presentation highlights the realities of life at sea, naval discipline, the importance of prize money, and the challenges faced by officers and crew.

Quick Summary

Captain William Dawson RN's naval career during the Napoleonic Wars saw him rise from volunteer to post-captain. His service included engagements like the capture of the French frigate 'La Psyche' and the prolonged battle with 'La Piémontaise', earning him recognition and prize money.

Chapters

  1. 11:48Introduction and Royal Armouries Overview
  2. 15:18The Dawson Family and William's Entry into the Navy
  3. 18:17Typical Royal Navy Career Path
  4. 20:09William's First Ship: HMS Malabar
  5. 23:38Service on HMS Aimable and Naval Discipline
  6. 25:27First Action: Engagement with La Pensee
  7. 26:10Illness and Return Home: Scurvy
  8. 27:28Gaining Sea Time: HMS Zealand and HMS Fishguard
  9. 28:24Midshipman Duties and Training
  10. 29:32Channel Fleet Blockade Duties
  11. 32:08First Independent Command: Prize Master
  12. 33:29Examination for Lieutenant
  13. 35:31Commission as Lieutenant and Peace of Amiens
  14. 36:14Service on HMS San Fiorenzo and Voyage to India
  15. 38:26Lieutenant's Duties and Ambition
  16. 39:10Advancement to Third Lieutenant
  17. 41:32Engagement with HMS Psyche
  18. 43:30Service as First Lieutenant and Promotion Aspirations
  19. 45:28The Battle of La Piémontaise
  20. 49:12Reception and Recognition after La Piémontaise
  21. 51:03Lloyd's Patriotic Fund and Awards
  22. 52:39Promotion to Commander and Acting Post-Captain
  23. 53:55Service on HMS Dædalus and Escort Duties
  24. 54:13Encounter with Convict Ship Harrington
  25. 55:20Support for Admiral Drury in China
  26. 56:11Command of HMS Blanche and Promotion to Post-Captain
  27. 57:47Nominal Command and Presentation to the King
  28. 58:40Tragic End: Death from Fever
  29. 58:51Conclusion and Future Research
  30. 60:04Q&A: Acquisition of Dawson Papers
  31. 61:22Q&A: Royal Navy Superiority
  32. 62:02Q&A: Mary Little Dale
  33. 62:26Q&A: Dawson Family's Social Standing
  34. 63:48Q&A: Money for Career Promotion
  35. 64:33Q&A: Captain's Share of Prize Money
  36. 65:00Q&A: Dawson's Estate
  37. 67:03Q&A: Speed of Dawson's Career Rise
  38. 68:07Q&A: Desire for Indian Station Postings
  39. 69:22Q&A: Carrying Gold and Silver
  40. 70:35Q&A: Future Research Plans
  41. 71:37Q&A: Other Military Figures in Dawson Papers
  42. 73:10Concluding Remarks and Next Event

Frequently Asked Questions

What was the typical career progression for a young officer in the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic Wars?

Young gentlemen typically joined as volunteers first class at 13 (or 11 if a son of an officer), served three years to become a midshipman, and after another three years, could take their examination for lieutenant, requiring them to be at least 19 with six years of sea time.

How did the Royal Navy maintain discipline on board its ships?

Discipline was enforced through the Articles of War, with punishments ranging from flogging (12-36 lashes) to court-martial and death for offenses like cowardice, disobedience, and neglect of duty. Captains also issued their own ship orders.

What was the significance of prize money in the Royal Navy?

Prize money was a substantial financial incentive for naval personnel, derived from the sale of captured enemy ships and their cargo. It was distributed among the officers and men involved in the capture, with captains often receiving significant shares.

What were the main duties of a midshipman in the Royal Navy?

Midshipmen assisted officers of the watch, commanded subdivisions of the crew, helped on the quarterdeck during action, commanded gun sections, ship's boats, or prize crews, and were responsible for supervising procedures.

How did the Royal Navy combat scurvy among its sailors?

The use of lime and lemon juice was known to combat scurvy. Organized supplies of lemon juice were implemented by the Navy in 1795. Officers could also supplement their diets with fresh food and livestock, unlike the common sailors.

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