Geronimo’s Rifle - The 1868 Springfield

Published on June 9, 2021
Duration: 22:03

This review details the evolution of the Springfield Trapdoor rifle, from the 1861 muzzleloader to the 1870 .50-70 model and the later .45-70 variant. It highlights the Allin conversion's significance in modernizing surplus firearms and discusses the historical context of these rifles, including their use by Geronimo and their presence in frontier conflicts. The video also provides a close examination of Geronimo's personal 1870 Springfield rifle at the Arizona Historical Society.

Quick Summary

Geronimo's rifle was an 1870 Springfield Trapdoor in .50-70 Government, surrendered in 1877. These rifles became common on the frontier surplus market after the military adopted the .45-70, making them accessible to figures like Geronimo.

Chapters

  1. 00:00The 1861 Springfield Muzzleloader
  2. 01:23Post-War Modernization: The Allen Conversion
  3. 03:52Combat Success: 1866/1870 Models
  4. 06:20Transition to .45-70 & Surplus Market
  5. 08:40Geronimo's Captured Rifle Examined
  6. 12:48Technical Operation & Cartridge Evolution

Frequently Asked Questions

What was Geronimo's rifle?

Geronimo's rifle was an 1870 Springfield Trapdoor, originally chambered in .50-70 Government. This specific rifle was surrendered to Indian Agent John Clum in 1877 and is now housed at the Arizona Historical Society, showing significant field use and unique indigenous modifications.

How was the Springfield Trapdoor rifle created?

The Springfield Trapdoor rifle evolved from the Civil War-era 1861 muzzleloader through the Allin conversion process, starting in 1865. This method converted existing muzzleloaders into breech-loading cartridge rifles, initially in .58 rimfire and later standardized in .50-70 Government and eventually .45-70 Government.

Why did Geronimo use the .50-70 Springfield?

Geronimo likely used the .50-70 Springfield because these models became widely available on the frontier surplus market after the US military adopted the .45-70 caliber in 1873. Availability often made them preferable to newer, less accessible firearms.

What are the key features of the 1870 Springfield Trapdoor?

The 1870 Springfield Trapdoor is a breech-loading rifle chambered in .50-70 Government. It features the iconic 'trapdoor' breech mechanism, fires a single cartridge, and was a significant advancement over muzzleloaders, offering a higher rate of fire crucial for frontier warfare.

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