How A Man Shall Be Armed: 13th Century

Published on February 20, 2017
Duration: 4:48

This guide outlines the assembly of 13th-century knight's armor, as demonstrated by the Royal Armouries. It details the layering process from mail chausses and gambeson to the haubergeon, coat of plates, and head protection including the great helm. The guide also covers the use of the surcoat and the transition to the heater shield. Instruction emphasizes historical accuracy and the evolution of armor for medieval warfare.

Quick Summary

13th-century knight's armor involved layering mail chausses, a gambeson, and a haubergeon, reinforced with a coat of plates. Head protection included a mail coif and great helm, while the heater shield offered improved maneuverability over the older kite shield. This evolution reflected changing medieval warfare tactics.

Chapters

  1. 00:0013th Century Armor Evolution
  2. 00:28Mail Leggings (Chausses)
  3. 01:21The Gambeson
  4. 01:34The Haubergeon
  5. 02:24Vulnerabilities and Coat of Plates
  6. 03:25Surcoat and Sword
  7. 03:44Head Protection
  8. 04:23The Heater Shield

Frequently Asked Questions

What were the key components of 13th-century knight's armor?

13th-century knight's armor typically included mail chausses (leggings), a gambeson (padded garment), a haubergeon (mail shirt), a coat of plates for reinforced protection, a surcoat for heraldry, and head protection like a mail coif and great helm, paired with a heater shield.

How did armor evolve by the 13th century?

By the 13th century, armor had evolved significantly beyond basic mail. New pieces like the coat of plates were developed to enhance protection against specific threats like lance thrusts and maces, reflecting advancements in medieval warfare tactics and weaponry.

What was the purpose of a gambeson in medieval armor?

The gambeson served as a crucial layer of protection worn under mail armor. Its thick padding was designed to absorb and dissipate the force of crushing blows that mail alone could not effectively counter, significantly reducing the risk of internal injury.

Why was the heater shield preferred over the kite shield in the 13th century?

The heater shield became preferred over the larger kite shield by the 13th century primarily due to improved leg protection offered by chausses. This allowed for a smaller, lighter shield that provided better maneuverability in combat without sacrificing adequate defense.

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