Shotgun Gauge Explained | Why it's called a "12" Gauge

Published on February 4, 2023
Duration: 0:39

This video explains the historical basis of shotgun gauge measurements, clarifying that gauge numbers relate to the number of lead balls per pound, not direct diameter. A larger gauge number signifies a smaller barrel diameter, with the .410 bore being a notable exception as it's measured in caliber. The content provides visual aids and technical specifications for various gauges.

Quick Summary

Shotgun gauge is a historical measurement based on the number of lead balls of a specific diameter that could be cast from one pound of lead. A higher gauge number, like 20, means more balls per pound, thus a smaller barrel diameter compared to a lower gauge number like 12. The .410 is an exception, measured by its caliber diameter.

Chapters

  1. 00:00Introduction to Shotgun Gauges
  2. 00:05Caliber vs. Gauge Explained
  3. 00:14The History of Shotgun Gauge
  4. 00:23Gauge Sizing Logic
  5. 00:29The .410 Gauge Exception

Frequently Asked Questions

How is shotgun gauge determined historically?

Shotgun gauge was historically determined by the number of lead balls of a specific diameter that could be cast from one pound of lead. For instance, a 12 gauge meant that 12 lead balls of that size would weigh one pound.

Why does a higher gauge number mean a smaller barrel diameter?

Because gauge is based on the number of lead balls per pound, a larger number of balls (e.g., 20) means each ball, and therefore the lead shot it represents, must be smaller than a smaller number of balls (e.g., 12). This translates to a smaller barrel diameter for higher gauge numbers.

Is the .410 shotgun a gauge or a caliber?

The .410 shotgun is an exception to the gauge system; it is actually a caliber. This means its barrel diameter is measured directly in inches, specifically 0.410 inches, rather than by the historical lead ball method.

What is the difference between caliber and gauge in firearms?

Caliber refers to the precise measurement of the barrel's internal diameter, usually in inches or millimeters. Gauge, specific to shotguns, is a historical measurement based on the number of lead balls per pound, where a higher gauge number indicates a smaller barrel diameter.

Related News

All News →

More General Videos You Might Like

More from CajunBoyJake

View all →