The Gras in Ethiopia: Carbines of Emperor Menelik II and Empress Taytu

Published on July 7, 2020
Duration: 21:13

This video from Forgotten Weapons, hosted by Ian McCollum, details two Ethiopian Gras carbines, highlighting Ethiopia's unique historical position and the specific modifications and markings on these firearms. McCollum, a recognized expert, provides deep historical context and technical analysis of the rifles' origins and service.

Quick Summary

Ethiopian Gras carbines, associated with Emperor Menelik II and Empress Taytu, are bolt-action firearms in 11x59mmR Gras caliber, originating from France. Key features include the M80 modification (gas relief groove) and unique markings like Ge'ez script, 'AOI', and royal names, reflecting Ethiopia's history of sovereignty and Italian occupation.

Chapters

  1. 00:00Introduction: Ethiopian Sovereignty & Gras Carbines
  2. 01:01Emperor Menelik II's Military Modernization
  3. 02:40International Arms Trade & French Support for Ethiopia
  4. 05:04Gendarmerie Carbine: Ge'ez Script Markings
  5. 06:44Cavalry Carbine & Empress Taytu's Markings
  6. 08:06Empress Taytu's Political Influence
  7. 10:30Italian Occupation & AOI Markings
  8. 12:03Technical Origins: Rifle Conversions
  9. 13:43Arsenal Markings: Tulle and MAS
  10. 15:01M80 Modification & Carbine Condition

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the key historical features of the Ethiopian Gras carbines discussed?

These carbines are significant as they belonged to Emperor Menelik II and Empress Taytu, reflecting Ethiopia's successful resistance against colonial powers. They feature unique markings like Ge'ez script and 'AOI', indicating their service and subsequent capture by Italians.

What is the M80 modification found on these Gras carbines?

The M80 modification is a safety feature added to Gras rifles, specifically a gas relief groove cut behind the bolt head. This enhances safety by mitigating risks associated with cartridge ruptures during firing.

What does the 'AOI' marking signify on the cavalry carbine?

The 'AOI' (Africa Orientale Italiana) brand stamped into the wooden stock indicates that the rifle was captured by Italian forces during their occupation of Ethiopia in the 1930s and subsequently re-issued to native troops.

Who were Emperor Menelik II and Empress Taytu in relation to these firearms?

Emperor Menelik II was the ruler who modernized Ethiopia's military, acquiring weapons like these Gras carbines. Empress Taytu, his wife, was a powerful political figure whose name is marked on one of the cavalry carbines, signifying royal ownership and influence.

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