The Shotgun, Part III ~ Steel Shot (and a bit of why)

Published on December 16, 2017
Duration: 36:40

This video explains the transition from lead to steel shot in shotgun ammunition, driven by environmental concerns and waterfowl population decline. It details the technical differences in density and performance between lead and steel, emphasizing the need for modern shotguns rated for steel shot due to its hardness and potential to damage older barrels and chokes. The speaker, a firearms instructor, highlights the importance of appropriate shotgun chambers (3.5-inch recommended for dedicated duck hunters) and higher velocities required for steel shot to achieve comparable energy to lead.

Quick Summary

Steel shot is used as a non-toxic alternative to lead to prevent waterfowl poisoning, but it's less dense and flies less efficiently. To compensate, steel shot loads use higher velocities and larger pellets. Crucially, never use steel shot in older shotguns not rated for it, as it can damage barrels and chokes. Autoloading shotguns are generally preferred for managing the increased recoil.

Chapters

  1. 00:00Introduction to Steel Shot
  2. 00:44History of Steel Shot and Lead Poisoning Concerns
  3. 02:23Declining Duck Populations in the 1960s
  4. 05:12Personal Experience with Lead Poisoning
  5. 06:59Hunting Regulations and Species Under Threat
  6. 08:00Political and Industry Response to Non-Toxic Shot
  7. 10:31Challenges in Ammunition and Firearm Technology
  8. 11:31Hunters Opting Out of Waterfowl Hunting
  9. 12:24Environmentalism and its Impact on Hunting
  10. 13:54Positive Outcomes of Reduced Hunting Pressure
  11. 15:13Understanding Steel Shot Performance
  12. 16:02Density and Pellet Count Differences
  13. 19:03Pellet Energy and Velocity Requirements
  14. 21:03Shot Size and Payload Adjustments
  15. 21:51The Role of 3.5-inch Shells
  16. 22:27Adapting to New Ammunition Technology
  17. 23:21Improvements in Firearm Coatings
  18. 24:34Critical Warning: Steel Shot and Older Guns
  19. 25:22Modifying Older Shotguns
  20. 26:09Personal Decision to Avoid Steel Shot
  21. 26:34Ammunition Velocities and Payload Balance
  22. 28:10Industry Collaboration and Development
  23. 28:44Global Adoption of Steel Shot
  24. 29:50Hunting in Titled Waters vs. Other Areas
  25. 30:33Summary of Steel Shot Usage
  26. 30:55Other Non-Toxic Shot Options (Heavy Shot, Bismuth)
  27. 31:51Recoil Considerations with Steel Shot
  28. 33:11Caution with Fixed-Breech Guns
  29. 33:37Final Warning on Steel Shot Compatibility
  30. 34:05Success of Steel Shot Implementation
  31. 34:28Wood Duck Propagation Issues
  32. 35:19Current Duck and Goose Population Status
  33. 35:31Recommendations for Waterfowl Hunters
  34. 35:50Importance of a Good Retriever Dog
  35. 36:36Conclusion and Call to Subscribe

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is steel shot used in shotguns instead of lead?

Steel shot is used primarily as a non-toxic alternative to lead shot to prevent lead poisoning in waterfowl. Lead pellets ingested by ducks and geese from the environment have historically led to significant population declines. Steel shot is mandated in many waterfowl hunting areas to protect these bird populations.

What are the performance differences between steel shot and lead shot?

Steel shot is less dense than lead, meaning pellets must be larger or more numerous to achieve the same weight. This lower density and less aerodynamic shape result in less efficient flight. To compensate, steel shot loads typically use higher velocities and larger pellet sizes to deliver comparable energy and penetration to lead.

Can I use steel shot in any shotgun?

No, you must never use steel shot in older shotguns not explicitly rated for it by the manufacturer. Steel shot's hardness can scour barrels and blow out chokes in firearms not designed to withstand it, leading to irreversible damage. Always check your shotgun's rating.

What type of shotgun is best for steel shot waterfowl hunting?

For dedicated duck and goose hunters using steel shot, a shotgun with a 3.5-inch chamber is often recommended. This larger chamber allows for a longer shot column, which is necessary to accommodate the increased number of pellets and achieve the required velocity and payload for effective hunting.

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