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Quick Tip: Introduction to Shotshells

Brownells, Inc.
Published on May 20, 2020
Category: Training & Techniques
Duration: 5:02

This video provides a foundational understanding of shotshells for new firearm owners. It explains how gauge relates to diameter, shot capacity, powder charge, velocity, and recoil. Key considerations like shell length (2 3/4 inch, 3 inch, 3 1/2 inch) and their compatibility with shotgun chambers are detailed. The video also covers the significance of brass length in relation to powder charge and introduces different shot types, including birdshot (higher number = smaller pellets) and buckshot (larger pellets), as well as slugs, emphasizing gauge-specific sizing.

Tags

Shotshell Basics
Gauge Explained
Shell Length
Brass Length
Shot Sizes
Buckshot
Slugs
12 Gauge
20 Gauge
410 Gauge
10 Gauge

Quick Summary

Understanding shotshells involves knowing gauge, which indicates diameter (higher number = smaller diameter). Shell length (e.g., 2 3/4") affects capacity and power. Birdshot uses smaller pellets (higher numbers), while buckshot uses larger pellets (e.g., 00). Always match shell length to your shotgun's chamber.

Chapters

  1. 00:04Introduction to Shotshells
  2. 00:20Understanding Gauge (10 to 410)
  3. 00:34Gauge Diameter and Capacity
  4. 01:03Common Gauges: 12 and 20
  5. 01:32Shotshell Length Explained
  6. 02:37The Role of Brass Length
  7. 02:59Types of Shot: Birdshot vs. Buckshot
  8. 03:16Understanding Shot Numbers
  9. 03:35Buckshot Sizes (00, 4/0)
  10. 04:00Shot Purpose and Effectiveness
  11. 04:16Shotgun Slugs
  12. 04:20Slug Diameter and Gauge
  13. 04:37Conclusion and Further Help

Frequently Asked Questions

What does the gauge number mean on a shotshell?

The gauge number on a shotshell primarily refers to its diameter. In simpler terms, a higher gauge number indicates a smaller diameter barrel and shotshell. For example, a 10-gauge is larger than a 12-gauge, which is larger than a 20-gauge.

How does shotshell length affect performance?

Shotshell length, such as 2 3/4 inches or 3 inches, affects the amount of powder and shot the shell can hold. Longer shells generally have more powder and shot, leading to increased power and recoil. It's crucial to use shells that match your shotgun's chamber length.

What is the difference between birdshot and buckshot?

Birdshot consists of many small pellets, indicated by higher numbers (e.g., #7.5, #9), used for small game or clay targets. Buckshot contains fewer, larger pellets (e.g., 00 buck), designed for larger game or self-defense applications where greater energy transfer is needed.

Can I shoot different length shells in my shotgun?

Generally, if your shotgun has a longer chamber (e.g., 3 1/2 inch), you can safely fire shorter shells (3 inch, 2 3/4 inch). However, you cannot fire longer shells than your chamber is rated for. Always consult your firearm's manual.

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