An Overview of 4-Bore Stopping Rifles

Published on February 27, 2016
Duration: 23:58

This video explores the history and mechanics of the massive 4-bore stopping rifle, designed for dangerous game. It details how bore size is determined, the immense ballistics achieved with black powder (around 7,000 ft-lbs of energy), and the significant recoil managed by heavy rifle weights (16-24 lbs). Double-barreled configurations were favored for reliability, and unique designs like winged bullet rifling are showcased.

Quick Summary

A 4-bore rifle is an extremely large caliber firearm, approximately one inch in diameter, designed as a 'stopping rifle' for dangerous game. Its bore size means a lead ball weighs 1/4 pound (1,750 grains), delivering immense stopping power through mass, not velocity.

Chapters

  1. 00:00Introduction: The 4-Bore Stopping Rifle
  2. 01:25Holland & Holland and Stopping Power
  3. 04:43Defining Bore and Gauge
  4. 05:354-Bore Ballistics and Recoil
  5. 06:54Smoothbore vs. Rifled 4-Bores
  6. 08:23The Advantage of Double Barrels
  7. 10:37Notable Examples: Nizam of Hyderabad
  8. 13:32Muzzleloaders and Winged Bullets
  9. 15:38Cartridge Comparison and Live Fire

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a 4-bore rifle and what was its purpose?

A 4-bore rifle is an extremely large caliber firearm, approximately one inch in diameter. These rifles were specifically designed as 'stopping rifles' for dangerous game hunting in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, intended to stop charging animals like elephants or rhinos at close range.

How is the bore size of a 4-bore rifle determined?

The 'bore' or 'gauge' is determined by the number of perfect lead spheres of that diameter that equal one pound. For a 4-bore, it means a single lead ball of that caliber weighs 1/4 of a pound, equating to roughly 1,750 grains.

What kind of ballistics can a 4-bore rifle achieve?

Using black powder, a 4-bore typically fired a projectile with around 1,330 fps muzzle velocity, generating immense kinetic energy of approximately 7,000 foot-pounds. This power was achieved through sheer projectile mass rather than high velocity.

Why were double-barreled rifles preferred for dangerous game hunting?

Double-barreled rifles provided a critical safety and effectiveness advantage. If one barrel malfunctioned or jammed, the hunter had an immediate second shot available, which was essential when facing a charging animal where a missed or ineffective first shot could be fatal.

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