Ask Ian: Why Not a Semiauto BAR Instead of the Garand?

Published on July 26, 2022
Duration: 8:19

The US Army opted for the M1 Garand over a semi-automatic BAR due to weight and magazine requirements. The BAR, weighing 16 lbs, exceeded the 9.5 lb target for a new service rifle. Additionally, the military desired a clip-fed system, while the BAR used detachable box magazines. Captain Green's 1919 proposal for a semi-auto BAR was rejected by the Infantry and Cavalry Board, which favored a clip-fed, self-loading rifle.

Quick Summary

The US Army rejected a semi-automatic BAR for the M1 Garand due to its excessive weight (16 lbs) and detachable box magazines. The 1921 service rifle requirements specified a maximum weight of 9.5 lbs and a clip-fed system, making the BAR unsuitable.

Chapters

  1. 00:00Viewer Question: Semiauto BAR vs. Garand
  2. 00:45Captain Green's 1919 Semiauto BAR Proposal
  3. 02:30Infantry Board Rejects BAR for Garand
  4. 05:12Weight and Magazine Issues of the BAR
  5. 07:28Conclusion: BAR Too Heavy, Wrong Feed System

Frequently Asked Questions

Why didn't the US Army just make a semi-automatic version of the BAR instead of developing the M1 Garand?

The US Army rejected a semi-automatic BAR primarily due to its excessive weight (16 lbs) and its use of detachable box magazines. The military's requirements for a new service rifle in 1921 specified a maximum weight of 9.5 lbs and a clip-fed system.

What were the main technical reasons the BAR was unsuitable as a basis for the M1 Garand?

The BAR's 16-pound weight was far above the 9.5-pound target for a new service rifle. Additionally, the military required a clip-fed weapon, whereas the BAR utilized detachable box magazines, making it incompatible with the desired loading mechanism.

Did anyone propose a semi-automatic BAR before the M1 Garand was adopted?

Yes, in 1919, Captain Green of the US Ordnance Department proposed a semi-automatic BAR. He argued that full-auto fire was impractical due to lack of quick-change barrels, high ammo consumption, and reduced accuracy without a bipod.

What were the US Army's specific requirements for a new service rifle around the time of the M1 Garand's development?

The Infantry and Cavalry Board sought a dedicated self-loading shoulder rifle. Key requirements included being clip-fed and having a maximum weight of 9.5 lbs. They also desired a backup bolt-action capability if the semi-auto mechanism failed.

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