Primer 212: Russian Mosin-Nagant Carbines

Published on October 14, 2025
Duration: 40:52

This video provides a detailed comparison and examination of the Russian Mosin-Nagant M38 and M44 carbines, building upon previous lessons on the M91/30 rifle. It delves into the design evolution, manufacturing changes, and practical differences between these carbines, highlighting their roles and features, particularly the M44's integrated folding bayonet. The discussion includes historical context, technical specifications, and handling impressions from the presenter and a guest.

Quick Summary

The Russian Mosin-Nagant M44 carbine is distinguished by its permanently attached, folding spike bayonet, designed to prevent loss and enhance close-quarters combat capability. This feature, along with its shorter profile compared to the M91/30 rifle, made it a popular and practical 'all-in-one' military firearm.

Chapters

  1. 00:00Introduction & Sponsors
  2. 01:07Mosin-Nagant M38 Carbine Introduction
  3. 01:42M38 Carbine Specifications
  4. 02:30M38 Carbine Historical Context
  5. 04:03M38 Carbine Development & Adoption
  6. 05:04M38 Carbine Sight Modifications
  7. 05:30M38 Carbine Production & Cost
  8. 06:02Examining an M38 Carbine
  9. 07:07M38 Carbine Barrel & Fittings
  10. 07:32M38 Carbine Stock & Sight Base
  11. 08:44M38 Carbine Bayonet Lug Relief
  12. 09:11M38 Carbine Action & Manufacturing
  13. 10:55M38 Carbine Production Numbers & War Impact
  14. 11:46M38 Carbine Total Production
  15. 12:09Mosin-Nagant M44 Carbine Introduction
  16. 12:23M44 Carbine vs. M38: The Bayonet
  17. 12:42M44 Carbine Rationale: Winter War & Urban Combat
  18. 13:20Bayonet Design Arguments
  19. 13:39Review of 1891 & 91/30 Spike Bayonets
  20. 14:16Historical Justification for Bayonets
  21. 15:17Spike Bayonet Limitations
  22. 16:04M44 Bayonet Development: Problems & Solutions
  23. 17:14Blockade Bayonets (Bladic)
  24. 18:34M44 Carbine: Fixed Folding Bayonet Concept
  25. 18:56M44 Bayonet Design Trials
  26. 20:32NS Semon Design & M44 Acceptance
  27. 21:09Examining the M44 Carbine
  28. 21:42M44 Bayonet Assembly & Mechanism
  29. 23:31M44 Bayonet System: Pros & Cons
  30. 23:59M44 Bayonet Improvement (1945)
  31. 24:51May's Handling of the M44 Carbine
  32. 26:31M44 Carbine Production & M91/30 End
  33. 27:25M44 Effectiveness & Combat Reports
  34. 28:35M44 International Production
  35. 29:13May's Comparison: M38 vs. M91/30
  36. 30:49Recoil Comparison: M38 vs. 1907 KBY
  37. 31:10M38 vs. M44 Choice in WWII
  38. 32:06M38 vs. M44: The Bayonet Difference
  39. 32:26M44 Front Sight Adjustment
  40. 33:36Bayonets: Horrifying & Practical
  41. 34:16Using the M44 Bayonet
  42. 34:36Shooting Performance: M91/30, M38, M44
  43. 35:04May Tries the M44 Bayonet
  44. 35:30Confidence Rating & Bayonet Shape
  45. 36:33M44 vs. M38 Choice: Bayonet Option
  46. 37:37Overall Satisfaction with Mosin Carbines
  47. 38:16Oias's First Firearm Experience (M38)
  48. 39:50Conclusion & Sign-off

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the main differences between the Mosin-Nagant M38 and M44 carbines?

The primary difference is the M44's integrated, folding spike bayonet, which the M38 lacks. This addition increases the M44's weight and length when deployed, but allows for a more compact package when stowed, addressing issues of bayonet loss during wartime.

Why was the Mosin-Nagant M44 carbine developed with a folding bayonet?

The M44 was developed to solve the problem of lost and inconvenient detachable spike bayonets, especially during troop transport and urban combat. The folding bayonet ensured it was always attached and could be stowed compactly, preventing it from getting lost or causing issues in confined spaces.

What are the key specifications of the Mosin-Nagant M38 carbine?

The M38 carbine has an overall length of approximately 40 1/8 inches (102 cm) and weighs about 7.7 lbs (3.5 kg). It fires the 7.62x54mm Rimmed cartridge and shares many components with the M91/30 rifle but features a shorter barrel and modified sights.

How did the bayonet on the M44 carbine affect its shooting performance?

When the M44's bayonet was not fully locked over the muzzle, it could significantly shift the point of impact, up to 50 cm at combat ranges. Instructions were given for Kentucky windage, and later improvements ensured a more positive lock to mitigate this issue.

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