What is Open Bolt?

Published on August 4, 2023
Duration: 6:06

This guide, based on expert instruction from John Hickok of Hickok45, details the operational differences between open bolt and closed bolt firearm systems. It covers how each system functions, their advantages (particularly for full-auto cooling in open bolt designs), safety considerations, and potential malfunction scenarios. The explanation emphasizes understanding these mechanisms for safe and effective firearm handling.

Quick Summary

John Hickok explains that open bolt firearms fire from a bolt held to the rear, which slams forward to chamber and fire a round simultaneously. This design aids cooling in full-auto weapons by allowing air circulation, reducing cook-off risk. Closed bolt systems chamber a round upon manual cycling, with the bolt forward and ready to fire.

Chapters

  1. 00:00Introduction: Open vs. Closed Bolt
  2. 00:26Defining Open Bolt Firing
  3. 00:48Advantages of Open Bolt for Full Auto
  4. 01:44UZI Open Bolt Mechanism Explained
  5. 03:07Closed Bolt vs. Open Bolt Safety/Operation
  6. 03:45Safety Implications of Open Bolt
  7. 04:14UZI Firing Demonstration (Semi/Full Auto)
  8. 04:54Open Bolt Malfunction Safety Concern
  9. 05:39Conclusion: Understanding Open Bolt

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the primary difference between an open bolt and a closed bolt firearm system?

An open bolt system fires from a bolt held to the rear, which slams forward to chamber and fire a round simultaneously. A closed bolt system chambers a round when the bolt is cycled forward, and the firearm is then ready to fire with the bolt in the forward position.

Why are open bolt systems often used in full-automatic firearms?

Open bolt systems are frequently used in full-auto firearms because the open bolt allows for better air circulation, aiding in cooling the chamber and receiver. This helps reduce the risk of 'cook-off,' where a round fires unintentionally due to heat.

What are the safety implications of an open bolt firearm?

While an open bolt system can be safer when the bolt is down (no round chambered), malfunctions can present unique risks. If a round is partially chambered, dislodging it could cause the bolt to slam forward and fire unintentionally when released.

How does the UZI's open bolt mechanism work?

In the UZI, a sear holds the bolt in the rearward position. When the trigger is pulled, the sear releases the bolt, allowing it to move forward, chamber a round, and fire as it goes into battery.

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