"Over There! Part 6: Soldiers, But Not Equal." African American "Harlem Hellfighters" In The AEF

Published on December 16, 2020
Duration: 10:16

This video details the experiences of African American soldiers, specifically the "Harlem Hellfighters" (369th Infantry Regiment), in the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) during World War I. It highlights their combat record, the discrimination they faced from US and British forces, and their eventual assignment to the French Army, where they utilized French equipment like the Lebel and Berthier rifles, and the Chauchat light machine gun. The narrative also touches upon individual acts of valor, such as that of William Henry Johnson and Freddie Stowers, and the stark contrast between wartime equality on the battlefield and the racism prevalent in the United States.

Quick Summary

The Harlem Hellfighters, an African American regiment in WWI, earned the German nickname 'Hellfighters' for their combat prowess. Assigned to the French Army, they utilized French firearms like the Lebel and Berthier rifles, distinguishing themselves with a remarkable combat record and enduring significant discrimination.

Chapters

  1. 00:08AEF Arrival in France
  2. 00:27Pershing's Concession to Allies
  3. 00:41Harlem Hellfighters Nickname
  4. 01:04Patriotism Amidst US Racism
  5. 01:27Discrimination from US/British Forces
  6. 01:45French Army Acceptance
  7. 02:11Proving Themselves in Combat
  8. 02:36William Henry Johnson's Valor
  9. 03:36French Equipment & Command
  10. 03:55Lebel Rifle Features
  11. 04:52Berthier Rifle Features
  12. 05:39French Engineering Camp History
  13. 06:42Chauchat Light Machine Gun
  14. 07:42369th Regiment's Combat Record
  15. 08:11Black Veterans' Preference for France
  16. 08:33Equality in Death
  17. 09:03Corporal Freddie Stowers' Medal of Honor

Frequently Asked Questions

What was the nickname given to the African American soldiers of the 369th Infantry Regiment in WWI?

The German forces bestowed the nickname 'Hellfighters' upon the African American soldiers of the 369th Infantry Regiment due to their exceptional bravery and effectiveness in combat on the Western Front during World War I.

Which French rifles did the Harlem Hellfighters use during World War I?

The Harlem Hellfighters, when assigned to the French Army, utilized French firearms. These included the Model 1886 Lebel, a significant rifle for its time, and the 1907/15 Berthier, which was a common infantry rifle.

What was the combat record of the 369th Infantry Regiment in WWI?

The 369th Infantry Regiment, known as the Harlem Hellfighters, achieved a remarkable combat record. They spent more time on the front lines and sustained more casualties (1500) than any other American Expeditionary Force infantry regiment by the 1918 armistice.

How did the French Army treat African American soldiers differently from US and British forces?

The French Army readily accepted African American soldiers, integrating them into their ranks without the compunctions of segregation. This was in stark contrast to US and British units, which often refused to serve alongside them, reflecting France's existing diversity of colonial troops.

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