The Arms and Armour of The English Civil War

Published on December 21, 2017
Duration: 9:45

This entry details the arms and armor of the English Civil War cavalry, as presented by David from the Royal Armouries. It covers the heavy Cuirassier and lighter Harquebusier, their respective armor 'proofing' methods, and the mechanics of loading a 17th-century flintlock pistol. The comparison of backswords and rapiers, along with the 'secret' skull caps, provides a comprehensive look at the era's weaponry and personal protection.

Quick Summary

During the English Civil War, armor was 'proofed' by firing a pistol at point-blank range at the breastplate; visible dents indicated quality. Light cavalry, or Harquebusiers, wore lighter gear like buff coats and pot helmets, while heavy cavalry (Cuirassiers) had musket-proof armor. Flintlock pistols were loaded by priming the pan, adding powder and ball, and seating them with a scouring stick.

Chapters

  1. 00:00Introduction to English Civil War Gallery
  2. 00:09Heavy Cavalry: The Cuirassier
  3. 00:57The Armour Proofing Process
  4. 03:28Light Cavalry: The Harquebusier
  5. 04:00Secrets and Fashion: Hidden Head Protection
  6. 04:57Flintlock Pistol Loading Mechanics
  7. 07:38Cavalry Swords: Backsword vs. Rapier

Frequently Asked Questions

How was armor tested for effectiveness during the English Civil War?

Armorers would 'proof' armor by firing a pistol at point-blank range directly at the breastplate. Visible dents from these shots served as a mark of quality, demonstrating the armor's ability to withstand musket fire.

What was the difference between a backsword and a rapier in the English Civil War?

The backsword was a heavy, single-edged weapon primarily used for powerful slashing attacks, often featuring a basket hilt for hand protection. In contrast, the rapier was a slender, double-edged sword designed for precise thrusting attacks, ideal for exploiting gaps in enemy armor.

What is a 'secret' in the context of English Civil War head protection?

A 'secret' was an iron or steel skull cap worn discreetly beneath fashionable feathered hats. This provided hidden, additional head protection for cavalrymen during battle without compromising their appearance.

What are the key steps to loading a 17th-century flintlock pistol?

Loading involves placing the hammer on half-cock, priming the pan with powder, loading the main charge of gunpowder into the barrel, followed by the ball, and then seating both firmly with a scouring stick, ensuring the stick is removed afterward.

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