Why Are Open Bolts Illegal? Or Are They?

Published on March 18, 2025
Duration: 2:09

This expert guide, drawing from the Military Arms Channel, explains the mechanics of open bolt firearms, using the Intratec KG-9 as a primary example. It details the firing sequence from bolt cocking to ignition and discusses the ATF's historical stance on these designs due to their perceived convertibility to machine guns. The instructor highlights that while new manufacturing of certain open bolt designs was halted, existing firearms are not illegal.

Quick Summary

Open bolt firearms fire from a rearward bolt position; pulling the trigger sends the bolt forward to chamber and fire a round. While the ATF historically restricted new designs due to convertibility concerns, existing firearms are generally legal. Iconic models include the MAC-10, Uzi, and Tech-9.

Chapters

  1. 00:00Introduction to Open Bolt Firearms
  2. 00:30Open Bolt Firing Mechanism Explained
  3. 00:52ATF Ruling and Legality of Open Bolts
  4. 01:43Historical Context and Appeal of Open Bolts

Frequently Asked Questions

What is an open bolt firearm and how does it work?

An open bolt firearm fires from an open bolt position, meaning the bolt stays rearward when cocked. When the trigger is pulled, the bolt slams forward, loads a round, and fires it. A fixed firing pin ignites the primer upon the bolt's forward movement.

Are open bolt firearms illegal in the US?

No, existing open bolt firearms are generally not illegal. The ATF historically ceased approval for new manufacturing of certain open bolt designs due to concerns about convertibility, but this does not make previously manufactured firearms illegal.

Why were open bolt designs restricted by the ATF?

The ATF determined decades ago that open bolt designs were considered 'too readily convertible' into machine guns. This led to restrictions on their approval for new manufacturing, though it did not outlaw existing firearms.

What are some examples of historical open bolt firearms?

Iconic submachine guns that historically fired from an open bolt include the MAC-10, the Uzi, and the Tech-9. These designs are known for their simple operating mechanisms.

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