Smyth Busters: Are Long Barrels Always More Accurate?

Published on November 17, 2020
Duration: 4:09

This expert-level guide, informed by Brownells' Smyth Busters series, debunks the myth that longer barrels are always more accurate. It details how factors like powder burn, bullet stabilization, twist rate, and sight radius are more critical. The guide emphasizes that optimal barrel length is cartridge-specific and that excessive velocity doesn't always translate to tighter groups, highlighting the importance of finding an accuracy 'sweet spot'.

Quick Summary

Longer barrels do not always equate to greater firearm accuracy. Critical factors include sufficient barrel length for complete powder burn, the correct twist rate for bullet stabilization, and the specific cartridge's needs. For instance, high-powered cartridges require longer barrels, while .22LR sees no accuracy gain beyond 12 inches. Velocity impacts trajectory, not necessarily group size.

Chapters

  1. 00:04Intro: Barrel Length Accuracy Myth
  2. 00:16Debunking the Myth: Not Always More Accurate
  3. 00:30Open Sights & Barrel Length Benefits
  4. 00:37Caliber Needs: Powder Burn & Barrel Length
  5. 00:53.22LR Barrel Length Explained
  6. 01:06Key Factors: Powder Burn & Bullet Stability
  7. 01:29Myth Origin: Velocity vs. Accuracy
  8. 02:04Reloading Exceptions & Sweet Spots
  9. 02:47Benefits of High Velocity
  10. 02:58Conclusion: Myth Busted
  11. 03:38Practical Application: Optimal Barrel Length

Frequently Asked Questions

Does a longer rifle barrel always mean better accuracy?

No, a longer barrel does not always guarantee better accuracy. While it can help with powder burn and sight radius, factors like the correct twist rate for bullet stabilization and sufficient length for full powder burn for specific cartridges are more critical. Short barrels can be highly accurate if these other requirements are met.

What is the role of barrel length in powder burn and accuracy?

Sufficient barrel length is crucial for allowing gunpowder to fully combust. For powerful cartridges like the .264 Winchester Magnum, a short barrel can lead to unburnt powder, causing inconsistent velocities and poor accuracy. For cartridges like the .22LR, however, longer barrels offer no additional powder burn benefit beyond about 12 inches.

How does bullet velocity affect firearm accuracy?

Higher bullet velocity primarily affects trajectory, making it flatter and reducing bullet drop and wind drift. It does not inherently guarantee smaller shot groups. In fact, pushing reloading to maximum velocities can sometimes lead to decreased accuracy by pushing the bullet past its optimal stability point.

When is a longer barrel beneficial for accuracy?

Longer barrels are beneficial when more powder needs to be burned for a specific cartridge, when increased spin is required for bullet stabilization, or when using open sights due to the longer sight radius. However, the shortest barrel that achieves optimal performance for the given cartridge is often the most practical choice.

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