Ask Ian: What is Headspace? (And Why It Matters)

Published on December 16, 2022
Duration: 12:17

This guide, based on expert instruction from Ian McCollum of Forgotten Weapons, details the critical concept of headspace in firearms. It explains what headspace is, why it's important for safe and reliable operation, and the risks associated with both insufficient and excess headspace. The guide also covers considerations for military surplus firearms and modern kit builds, emphasizing the shooter's responsibility for ensuring proper headspace.

Quick Summary

Headspace is the measurement of free play a cartridge has within a firearm's chamber when the bolt is closed. Proper headspace is vital for safety; excess headspace can cause case stretching or separation, while insufficient headspace can lead to high pressure and extraction failures.

Chapters

  1. 00:00Introduction to Headspace
  2. 00:25Defining Headspace and Cartridge Brass
  3. 01:34Proper Headspace Mechanics Explained
  4. 02:38Risks of Insufficient Headspace
  5. 04:32Dangers of Excess Headspace
  6. 08:17Military Surplus Rifle Considerations
  7. 10:30Headspace in Modern Kit Builds

Frequently Asked Questions

What is headspace in a firearm?

Headspace is the critical measurement of the free play a cartridge has within the firearm's chamber when the bolt is fully closed. It ensures proper chambering and safe firing, accounting for manufacturing tolerances.

What happens if a firearm has too much headspace?

Excess headspace allows the cartridge case to stretch backward upon firing. This can lead to case bulging or, more dangerously, catastrophic case head separation, which can cause malfunctions and potential injury.

Why is checking headspace important for old rifles?

Military surplus rifles often undergo repairs or parts replacements, potentially leading to mismatched bolts. Checking headspace on these firearms before firing is crucial for safety, as incorrect headspace can cause dangerous failures.

Who is responsible for setting headspace in custom builds?

For hobbyists building firearms from parts kits, like AK-style rifles, the builder is responsible for correctly setting the headspace during the barrel installation process, often using specialized gauges.

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